| -n | do not output the trailing newline |
| -e | enable interpretation of backslash escapes |
| -E | disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default) |
| --help | display this help and exit |
| --version | output version information and exit |
| \\ | backslash |
| \a | alert (BEL) |
| \b | backspace |
| \c | produce no further output |
| \e | escape |
| \f | form feed |
| \n | new line |
| \r | carriage return |
| \t | horizontal tab |
| \v | vertical tab |
| \0NNN | byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits) |
| \xHH | byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits) |
NAME
echo - display a line of text
SYNOPSIS
echo [SHORT-OPTION]... [STRING]... echoLONG-OPTION
DESCRIPTION
Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.
- -n
do not output the trailing newline
- -e
enable interpretation of backslash escapes
- -E
disable interpretation of backslash escapes (default)
- --help
display this help and exit
- --version
output version information and exit
If -e is in effect, the following sequences are recognized:
- \\
backslash
- \a
alert (BEL)
- \b
backspace
- \c
produce no further output
- \e
escape
- \f
form feed
- \n
new line
- \r
carriage return
- \t
horizontal tab
- \v
vertical tab
- \0NNN
byte with octal value NNN (1 to 3 digits)
- \xHH
byte with hexadecimal value HH (1 to 2 digits)
Your shell may have its own version of echo, which usually supersedes the version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentation for details about the options it supports.
Consider using the printf(1) command instead, as it avoids problems when outputting option-like strings.
AUTHOR
Written by Brian Fox and Chet Ramey.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
SEE ALSO
printf(1)
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/echo> or available locally via: info '(coreutils) echo invocation'
Packaged by Debian (9.7-3) Copyright © 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.