| -A--show-all | equivalent to -vET |
| -b--number-nonblank | number nonempty output lines, overrides -n |
| -e | equivalent to -vE |
| -E--show-ends | display $ at end of each line |
| -n--number | number all output lines |
| -s--squeeze-blank | suppress repeated empty output lines |
| -t | equivalent to -vT |
| -T--show-tabs | display TAB characters as ^I |
| -u | (ignored) |
| -v--show-nonprinting | use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB |
| --help | display this help and exit |
| --version | output version information and exit |
| cat f - g | Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents. |
| cat | Copy standard input to standard output. |
NAME
cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output
SYNOPSIS
cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
- -A, --show-all
equivalent to -vET
- -b, --number-nonblank
number nonempty output lines, overrides -n
- -e
equivalent to -vE
- -E, --show-ends
display $ at end of each line
- -n, --number
number all output lines
- -s, --squeeze-blank
suppress repeated empty output lines
- -t
equivalent to -vT
- -T, --show-tabs
display TAB characters as ^I
- -u
(ignored)
- -v, --show-nonprinting
use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB
- --help
display this help and exit
- --version
output version information and exit
EXAMPLES
- cat f - g
Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.
- cat
Copy standard input to standard output.
AUTHOR
Written by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman.
REPORTING BUGS
GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report any translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
SEE ALSO
tac(1)
Full documentation <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cat> or available locally via: info '(coreutils) cat invocation'
Packaged by Debian (9.7-3) Copyright © 2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>. This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.